{"id":3445,"date":"2016-06-21T19:59:51","date_gmt":"2016-06-21T19:59:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drugpolicy.ca\/?p=3445"},"modified":"2016-06-21T19:52:02","modified_gmt":"2016-06-21T19:52:02","slug":"survey-sheds-light-on-safety-issues-around-drug-use-and-music-festivals-in-b-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.drugpolicy.ca\/fr\/survey-sheds-light-on-safety-issues-around-drug-use-and-music-festivals-in-b-c\/","title":{"rendered":"Survey sheds light on safety issues around drug use and music festivals in B.C."},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"article\" class=\"bucket\" data-tab=\"nav--article\">\n<p><em>Originally posted on straight.com on\u00a0<span class=\"sans-pro\">June 9th, 2016<\/span>\u00a0at\u00a0<span class=\"sans-pro\">1:43 PM<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Stacey Forrester is a Vancouver-based harm-reduction advocate and nurse involved in\u00a0projects on health and safety at live-music events and is focusing her studies at\u00a0UBC on the intersection of community, gender, and health.<\/em><em>\u00a0Kimberly Girling is a UBC PhD candidate in neuroscience with a strong interest in global health\u00a0and accessible medicine who has worked with the Student Biotechnology Network and who\u00a0volunteers with the Canadian Drug Policy Coalition.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"article\" class=\"bucket\" data-tab=\"nav--article\">\n<p>In 2015, the B.C. Coroners Service reported that drug-related deaths in the province had reached an all-time high. By the year&#8217;s end, that number, a 33-percent increase from the 364 deaths in 2014, represented\u00a0484 lives lost, and with an increase in the use of the potent opiate fentanyl, it was showing no signs of\u00a0slowing down.<\/p>\n<p>Tragically, it did not, and drug-related\u00a0deaths are still on the rise. Just three months into\u00a02016, another 200 people died, and B.C. now finds itself in the throes of a public-health emergency .<\/p>\n<p>As a result, many initiatives have been developed to address these high-risk\u00a0populations, with harm-reduction programs such as Toward the Heart and the long-established Insite aiming to increase access to safe spaces,\u00a0education, and substance-use facilities for street-drug users.<\/p>\n<h2>Casual drug use at concerts, clubs, and festivals a concern<\/h2>\n<p>Programs like these and many others\u00a0are immensely important and are helping to make positive changes in the lives of many drug\u00a0users. However, the reality is that drug use extends beyond these stereotypes, and many\u00a0people of all backgrounds also use drugs on a social basis: at music festivals, at concerts, or on the<br \/>\noccasional weekend at a club or with friends.<\/p>\n<p>In the summer of 2014 alone, almost 100 people were hospitalized due to drug-related incidents at\u00a0just\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.billboard.com\/articles\/business\/6207030\/three-dead-100-hospitalized-after-veld-and-boonstock-festivals\">two music festivals<\/a>\u00a0in Canada. Three of these people died.<\/p>\n<p>The sad truth is that many of these\u00a0deaths and incidents could have been prevented with better access to drug testing to prevent\u00a0ingestion of adulterated or unknown substances, better legislation surrounding harm reduction, and\u00a0better discussion and education about recreational drug use. Making assumptions\u00a0about a homogenous drug-user population may leave a portion of those users vulnerable,\u00a0particularly recreational users who may not have easy access to harm-reduction strategies or\u00a0education.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, a major barrier to making changes in harm-reduction strategies for this\u00a0population is a lack of good data on use patterns and perspectives of young people regarding\u00a0drugs.<\/p>\n<h2>Survey questioned 700 young people about drug use<\/h2>\n<p>To address this, in the fall of 2105 we created and launched the Canadian Survey on Substance Use\u00a0and asked more than 700 young people across the country about their drug use: where, when, why, and\u00a0what they are using. We did this in the hopes of collecting a set of data to help better direct safety<br \/>\nmeasures for this subpopulation\u00a0and address the barriers that leave them at risk of preventable\u00a0consequences.<\/p>\n<p>We aimed to create information that stakeholders, agencies, insurance providers,\u00a0security teams, and patrons might find useful to help maximize opportunities for event safety and to\u00a0benefit harm-reduction organizers and educators looking to address gaps in young peoples\u2019\u00a0knowledge of drug use.<\/p>\n<p>We had Vancouver-based harm-reduction organization\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.karmik.ca\/\">Karmik<\/a>\u00a0review the survey prior to launch and provide feedback on the questions. Once ready, it was\u00a0disseminated exclusively online, with the assistance of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/carbc\/2015\/11\/17\/a-nationwide-survey-on-substance-use\/\">B.C. Centre for Addictions Research<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/cssdp.org\/\">Canadian Students for Sensible Drug Policy<\/a>, the Canadian Working Group on Overdose, and social-media outlets.<\/p>\n<p>The largest group represented within our participants were those between the ages of 25 to 30\u00a0with at least a bachelor&#8217;s-degree level of education and reporting a middle-range income. Almost 90 percent of\u00a0survey takers reported having used, or are currently using, substances other than tobacco, alcohol,<br \/>\nor medicinal cannabis.<\/p>\n<p>Almost half of the participants reported first using substances between the\u00a0ages of 12 and 15,\u00a0which is valuable information in conversations about when to introduce drug-related education\u00a0to youth.<\/p>\n<p>The three most common reasons selected, when asked what their motivations were in\u00a0using illicit substances, were (one could select all that applied): to have fun\/relax (89 percent), to enhance\u00a0an experience (82 percent), and to learn about yourself\/your mind\/the world (64 percent).<\/p>\n<p>One participant\u00a0explained his motivation in more detail: \u201cTo have a different perspective and lens, to feel more\u00a0connected with people and natural spaces.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>How much do people know about drugs?<\/h2>\n<p>People who took our survey indicated that they felt they had a strong baseline knowledge of what\u00a0they were using, and almost half indicated that they \u201calways\u201d research the substance prior to using.\u00a0People want be familiar with dosages, what to expect, and warning signs, and they told us they use<br \/>\nthe Internet (94 percent) and friends as their primary sources of information.<\/p>\n<p>As one person stated:\u00a0\u201cKnowing what to expect from a given substance, what constitutes an appropriate dose, and how to\u00a0recognize potential dangers is prudent, to say the least.\u201d Another said: \u201cThe recent fentanyl\u00a0issues make me more cautious.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Thirty-six percent of people surveyed reported having an \u201cunexpected\u201d response to a substance at some point in\u00a0their lives. Some of the common things experienced were dizziness, vomiting, sweating, blurred\u00a0vision, and rapid or irregular heartbeat, with some needing to utilize event medic services or being sent to\u00a0the hospital.<\/p>\n<p>Almost half (42 percent) of the people surveyed indicated they were \u201cvery aware\u201d of the danger signs to\u00a0look out for. The habits described in the hundreds of responses we received paint a picture of\u00a0educated, inquisitive, cautious people who use drugs socially and thoughtfully, people who\u00a0feel confident and informed about their choices, but are receptive and wanting access to more\u00a0science-based, factual information.<\/p>\n<h2>What substances are people using and why?<\/h2>\n<p>When asked where they are using drugs, music festivals and concerts (78 percent) was selected as one of the primary\u00a0sites of drug use, alongside parties (77 percent) and with friends (89 percent). This is\u00a0important. Festival season is about to begin in B.C., with dozens of large single- and multi-day music\u00a0gatherings happening over the next four months.<\/p>\n<p>Drug-related hospitalizations and, more\u00a0tragically, deaths do happen at festivals in B.C. and across Canada. These are realities that are\u00a0usually preventable. We need to be realistic and expect that some of those festivalgoers\u00a0are going to be indulging recreationally. What do they need to help keep themselves and each other\u00a0safe?<\/p>\n<p>Asked if they had a preference between using drugs or alcohol, drugs were\u00a0preferred by a slightly higher margin (35 percent) than alcohol (22 percent), informing us that entertainment events need to be\u00a0prepared to prevent and handle harms coming from both. When asked if the legal status of a\u00a0substance factored into their choices, 51 percent answered \u201cnot at all\u201d and 22 percent stated \u201ca little\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Banning drug use and\u00a0outside alcohol is standard at most live-music events, but to pretend that prohibition\u00a0policies are an effective enough safety measure ignores the first basic principle of harm reduction: pragmatism.<\/p>\n<h2>What is being done? What can we do?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.shambhalamusicfestival.com\/\">Shambhala Music Festival<\/a>\u00a0in B.C.\u2019s Kootenay region has established a \u201cgold standard\u201d for music-festival harm reduction. Working with the area health authority and with full support from the local\u00a0RCMP,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ankorseducationwest\/?fref=ts\">ANKORS<\/a>\u00a0(a Nelson-based group) offers a full gamut of safer-substance-use education and intervention, including on-site substance-testing (pills and powders) carried out by trained volunteers.<\/p>\n<p>However, this model has not been easy for\u00a0other communities to replicate. Across Canada, and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dancesafe.org\/dancesafe-was-shut-down\/\">elsewhere in North America<\/a>, events intending\u00a0to include testing, sanctuary space, or even just a table with harm-reduction information have been\u00a0forced to make the choice between having the event shut down, losing their liability insurance, or\u00a0removing the offending harm-reduction measure in question.<\/p>\n<p>This is concerning, given that: only 53 percent of survey respondents reported feeling \u201cfairly confident\u201d that what they\u00a0are buying is the substance they want; 21 percent would like to test before using but don&#8217;t know where or\u00a0how to go about that; and\u00a0<em>95.5 percent indicated that they would test<\/em><em>before using if the resources were available<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2>Police won&#8217;t talk about fest tests; young people wary about self-testing<\/h2>\n<p>Setting up\u00a0substance-testing facilities, or offering ticketholders test kits, is a legal issue because, unlike simply offering\u00a0information, substance-testing requires the explicit acknowledgement that patrons are in possession\u00a0of narcotics at the event. This acknowledgement weighs heavy on hosts and insurance providers\u00a0and is one that, even in our fentanyl crisis, is not always supported by the RCMP, police, local\u00a0government, or the community. This makes it hard to balance patron safety in communities where\u00a0support for harm reduction is inconsistent, limited, or nonexistent.<\/p>\n<p>We contacted\u00a0multiple police departments for a discussion on this aspect of harm reduction: one was refused and the\u00a0others went unanswered.\u00a0This isn&#8217;t to say that individual users cannot\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/testkitplus.com\/\">purchase a kit<\/a>\u00a0and test their substances on their own,\u00a0as 19 percent of respondents report having done. However, as pointed out in the survey, many people\u00a0reported feeling apprehensive about purchasing these test kits online without knowing the legal\u00a0implications. One participant stated: \u201cWould like to but feel nervous about having test kits\u00a0shipped to my home.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>It is important to acknowledge that testing is not a catch-all solution, as there is no test\u00a0yet that can detect fentanyl, and with powerful designer drugs like W-18 (reportedly up to 100 times stronger than fentanyl) surfacing on a regular basis,\u00a0test kits cannot be relied on to keep up with the production of new and deadly analogues. It also\u00a0doesn&#8217;t mitigate the risks of polysubstance use or other medical risks at concerts and festivals, such\u00a0as how heat and dehydration further complicate substance use.<\/p>\n<h2>No government guidelines for managing festival drug use<\/h2>\n<p>So where does this leave us?\u00a0Herein lies the problem. To date, there are no established provincial or federal guidelines to provide\u00a0consistent direction on how to prevent and manage drug- and alcohol-related incidents at entertainment events.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, it is important that harm-reduction measures are as comprehensive as possible and even\u00a0creative in their delivery to this demographic, including accurate information about drugs,\u00a0including polysubstance use as well as other aspects of self-care and safety.<\/p>\n<h2>Hope for future?<\/h2>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/Pages\/default.aspx\">Canadian Centre on\u00a0Substance Abuse<\/a>\u00a0(no affiliation with our survey) and UBC&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/mgm.med.ubc.ca\/\">Mass Gathering\u00a0Medicine<\/a>\u00a0Interest Group\u2014recognizing the\u00a0dangers swimming in the trenches between reality, theory, and the law\u2014hosted a stakeholder meeting that created some\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ccsa.ca\/Resource%20Library\/CCSA-Preventing-Alcohol-Drug-Harms-at-Music-Festivals-Summary-2015-en.pdf\">recommendations for\u00a0large-scale events<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/basscoast.ca\/\">Bass Coast Music Festival<\/a>\u00a0in Merritt has a robust, fact based\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/basscoast.ca\/harm-reduction\/\">harm-reduction component<\/a>to its\u00a0events, which, like Shambhala, use trained volunteers and outreach to promote safety, community,\u00a0and informed choice. Harm-reduction group Karmik brings representatives, workshops, and information to both large\u00a0festivals and smaller-scale local events.<\/p>\n<p>The strengths of these and similar harm-reduction\u00a0programs, despite a challenging political climate, come from their use of a peer-based approach.\u00a0This was clear as we were poring over people&#8217;s detailed responses to our survey. We continue to\u00a0be encouraged by people&#8217;s reflections on the importance of learning and the ongoing responsibility\u00a0to look after themselves and each other.<\/p>\n<p>While we wait for government and law enforcement to step\u00a0up with a realistic plan to help minimize the harms to people who use substances in our\u00a0communities, we are left to fill in the gaps by ourselves, with ourselves. This sentiment is best\u00a0reflected in a final comment from a survey participant:\u00a0\u201cKnowledge is power. Informed communities are better at helping each other, protecting\u00a0each other.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>The data collected and shared in this survey belong to the authors.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Originally posted on straight.com on\u00a0June 9th, 2016\u00a0at\u00a01:43 PM Stacey Forrester is a Vancouver-based harm-reduction advocate and nurse involved in\u00a0projects on health and safety at live-music events and is focusing her studies at\u00a0UBC on the intersection of community, gender, and health.\u00a0Kimberly Girling is a UBC PhD candidate in neuroscience with a strong interest in global health\u00a0and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3448,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all"],"acf":[],"mb":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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